Description

Affinity diagram CORRECT ANSWERS: A tool that helps teams sort verbal data or ideas into categories for further investigation or evaluation. Analysis o f Variance (ANOVA) CORRECT ANSWERS: A statistical method that helps identify the sources of variability by comparing their means or averages; it compares the variation within a sample to the variation between samples to see if any differences are the result of some contributing factor or if the differences occur by chance alone. Attribute data CORRECT ANSWERS: Data that shows whether a result meets a requirement or not (yes/no, pass/fail). Cause-and effect Diagram CORRECT ANSWERS: A diagram that shows the underlying causes of a problem or event; also known as a fishbone diagram. Check sheet CORRECT ANSWERS: A structured form or table that lets practitioners collect and record data in a simple format; by putting marks on a table or image, team members can track and record information about the number, time, and location of events or problems. Common cause variation CORRECT ANSWERS: Variation that occurs as a natural part of a process. The "noise" in the system. Control chart CORRECT ANSWERS: A modified run chart that also provides upper and/or lower limits that a process should not exceed. Control limits CORRECT ANSWERS: The area composed of three standard deviations on either side of the centerline, or mean, of a normal distribution of data plotted on a control chart that reflects the expected variation in the data. See also specification limits. Critical path CORRECT ANSWERS: Generally, but not always, the sequence of schedule activities that determines the duration of the project. It is the longest path through the project. See also critical path methodology. CTQ Tree CORRECT ANSWERS: A tree diagram that shows how customer needs or Critical to Quality characteristics can be quantified and measured. Design of experiments CORRECT ANSWERS: A method that uses statistical models to determine which combinations of variables are most likely to lead to the desired quality results; the method tests multiple factors at once to see how they interact in producing an outcome. Early finish dates CORRECT ANSWERS: The early start dates for activities plus the amount of time that the activities will take.